簡介

這是實驗室2018年底招新時的考核題目，使用Python編寫一個能夠完成基本對戰的五子棋游戲。面向新手。

程序主要包括兩個部分，圖形創建與邏輯編寫兩部分。

程序的運行結果：

樣式創建

老規矩，先把用到的包導入進來。

’’’@Auther : gaoxin@Date : 2019.01.01@Version : 1.0’’’from tkinter import *import math

然后建立一個樣式的類，類名稱chessBoard。這里加了很多注釋，避免新手看不懂函數的作用，說實話我覺得挺別扭的。

#定義棋盤類class chessBoard() : def __init__(self) : #創建一個tk對象，即窗口 self.window = Tk() #窗口命名 self.window.title('五子棋游戲') #定義窗口大小 self.window.geometry('660x470') #定義窗口不可放縮 self.window.resizable(0,0) #定義窗口里的畫布 self.canvas=Canvas(self.window , bg='#EEE8AC' , width=470, height=470) #畫出畫布內容 self.paint_board() #定義畫布所在的網格 self.canvas.grid(row = 0 , column = 0) def paint_board(self) : #畫橫線 for row in range(0,15) : if row == 0 or row == 14 : self.canvas.create_line(25 , 25+row*30 , 25+14*30 , 25+row*30 , width = 2) else : self.canvas.create_line(25 , 25+row*30 , 25+14*30 , 25+row*30 , width = 1) #畫豎線 for column in range(0,15) : if column == 0 or column == 14 : self.canvas.create_line(25+column*30 ,25, 25+column*30 , 25+14*30 ,width = 2) else : self.canvas.create_line(25+column*30 ,25, 25+column*30 , 25+14*30 , width = 1) #畫圓 self.canvas.create_oval(112, 112, 118, 118, fill='black') self.canvas.create_oval(352, 112, 358, 118, fill='black') self.canvas.create_oval(112, 352, 118, 358, fill='black') self.canvas.create_oval(232, 232, 238, 238, fill='black') self.canvas.create_oval(352, 352, 358, 358, fill='black')

邏輯編寫

這里的主要看每個函數的功能就好了。

#定義五子棋游戲類#0為黑子 ， 1為白子 ， 2為空位class Gobang() : #初始化 def __init__(self) : self.board = chessBoard() self.game_print = StringVar() self.game_print.set('') #16*16的二維列表，保證不會out of index self.db = [([2] * 16) for i in range(16)] #悔棋用的順序列表 self.order = [] #棋子顏色 self.color_count = 0 self.color = ’black’ #清空與贏的初始化，已贏為1，已清空為1 self.flag_win = 1 self.flag_empty = 1 self.options() #黑白互換 def change_color(self) : self.color_count = (self.color_count + 1 ) % 2 if self.color_count == 0 : self.color = 'black' elif self.color_count ==1 : self.color = 'white' #落子 def chess_moving(self ,event) : #不點擊“開始”與“清空”無法再次開始落子 if self.flag_win ==1 or self.flag_empty ==0 : return #坐標轉化為下標 x,y = event.x-25 , event.y-25 x = round(x/30) y = round(y/30) #點擊位置沒用落子，且沒有在棋盤線外，可以落子 while self.db[y][x] == 2 and self.limit_boarder(y,x): self.db[y][x] = self.color_count self.order.append(x+15*y) self.board.canvas.create_oval(25+30*x-12 , 25+30*y-12 , 25+30*x+12 , 25+30*y+12 , fill = self.color,tags = 'chessman') if self.game_win(y,x,self.color_count) : print(self.color,'獲勝') self.game_print.set(self.color+'獲勝') else : self.change_color() self.game_print.set('請'+self.color+'落子') #保證棋子落在棋盤上 def limit_boarder(self , y , x) : if x<0 or x>14 or y<0 or y>14 : return False else : return True #計算連子的數目,并返回最大連子數目 def chessman_count(self , y , x , color_count ) : count1,count2,count3,count4 = 1,1,1,1 #橫計算 for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) : if self.db[y][x+i] == color_count : count1 += 1 else: break for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) : if self.db[y][x+i] == color_count : count1 += 1 else: break #豎計算 for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) : if self.db[y+i][x] == color_count : count2 += 1 else: break for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) : if self.db[y+i][x] == color_count : count2 += 1 else: break #/計算 for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) : if self.db[y+i][x+i] == color_count : count3 += 1 else: break for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) : if self.db[y+i][x+i] == color_count : count3 += 1 else: break #計算 for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) : if self.db[y+i][x-i] == color_count : count4 += 1 else: break for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) : if self.db[y+i][x-i] == color_count : count4 += 1 else: break return max(count1 , count2 , count3 , count4) #判斷輸贏 def game_win(self , y , x , color_count ) : if self.chessman_count(y,x,color_count) >= 5 : self.flag_win = 1 self.flag_empty = 0 return True else : return False #悔棋,清空棋盤，再畫剩下的n-1個棋子 def withdraw(self ) : if len(self.order)==0 or self.flag_win == 1: return self.board.canvas.delete('chessman') z = self.order.pop() x = z%15 y = z//15 self.db[y][x] = 2 self.color_count = 1 for i in self.order : ix = i%15 iy = i//15 self.change_color() self.board.canvas.create_oval(25+30*ix-12 , 25+30*iy-12 , 25+30*ix+12 , 25+30*iy+12 , fill = self.color,tags = 'chessman') self.change_color() self.game_print.set('請'+self.color+'落子') #清空 def empty_all(self) : self.board.canvas.delete('chessman') #還原初始化 self.db = [([2] * 16) for i in range(16)] self.order = [] self.color_count = 0 self.color = ’black’ self.flag_win = 1 self.flag_empty = 1 self.game_print.set('') #將self.flag_win置0才能在棋盤上落子 def game_start(self) : #沒有清空棋子不能置0開始 if self.flag_empty == 0: return self.flag_win = 0 self.game_print.set('請'+self.color+'落子') def options(self) : self.board.canvas.bind('<Button-1>',self.chess_moving) Label(self.board.window , textvariable = self.game_print , font = ('Arial', 20) ).place(relx = 0, rely = 0 ,x = 495 , y = 200) Button(self.board.window , text= '開始游戲' ,command = self.game_start,width = 13, font = ('Verdana', 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=15) Button(self.board.window , text= '我要悔棋' ,command = self.withdraw,width = 13, font = ('Verdana', 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=60) Button(self.board.window , text= '清空棋局' ,command = self.empty_all,width = 13, font = ('Verdana', 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=105) Button(self.board.window , text= '結束游戲' ,command = self.board.window.destroy,width = 13, font = ('Verdana', 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=420) self.board.window.mainloop()

最后，main函數

if __name__ == '__main__': game = Gobang()

將以上的所有程序復制粘貼，即為完整的程序了，可以運行。

最后來一個完整程序，一個一個復制粘貼簡直不要太麻煩。

’’’@Auther : gaoxin@Date : 2019.01.01@Version : 1.0’’’from tkinter import *import math#定義棋盤類class chessBoard() : def __init__(self) : self.window = Tk() self.window.title('五子棋游戲') self.window.geometry('660x470') self.window.resizable(0,0) self.canvas=Canvas(self.window , bg='#EEE8AC' , width=470, height=470) self.paint_board() self.canvas.grid(row = 0 , column = 0) def paint_board(self) : for row in range(0,15) : if row == 0 or row == 14 : self.canvas.create_line(25 , 25+row*30 , 25+14*30 , 25+row*30 , width = 2) else : self.canvas.create_line(25 , 25+row*30 , 25+14*30 , 25+row*30 , width = 1) for column in range(0,15) : if column == 0 or column == 14 : self.canvas.create_line(25+column*30 ,25, 25+column*30 , 25+14*30 ,width = 2) else : self.canvas.create_line(25+column*30 ,25, 25+column*30 , 25+14*30 , width = 1) self.canvas.create_oval(112, 112, 118, 118, fill='black') self.canvas.create_oval(352, 112, 358, 118, fill='black') self.canvas.create_oval(112, 352, 118, 358, fill='black') self.canvas.create_oval(232, 232, 238, 238, fill='black') self.canvas.create_oval(352, 352, 358, 358, fill='black')#定義五子棋游戲類#0為黑子 ， 1為白子 ， 2為空位class Gobang() : #初始化 def __init__(self) : self.board = chessBoard() self.game_print = StringVar() self.game_print.set('') #16*16的二維列表，保證不會out of index self.db = [([2] * 16) for i in range(16)] #悔棋用的順序列表 self.order = [] #棋子顏色 self.color_count = 0 self.color = ’black’ #清空與贏的初始化，已贏為1，已清空為1 self.flag_win = 1 self.flag_empty = 1 self.options() #黑白互換 def change_color(self) : self.color_count = (self.color_count + 1 ) % 2 if self.color_count == 0 : self.color = 'black' elif self.color_count ==1 : self.color = 'white' #落子 def chess_moving(self ,event) : #不點擊“開始”與“清空”無法再次開始落子 if self.flag_win ==1 or self.flag_empty ==0 : return #坐標轉化為下標 x,y = event.x-25 , event.y-25 x = round(x/30) y = round(y/30) #點擊位置沒用落子，且沒有在棋盤線外，可以落子 while self.db[y][x] == 2 and self.limit_boarder(y,x): self.db[y][x] = self.color_count self.order.append(x+15*y) self.board.canvas.create_oval(25+30*x-12 , 25+30*y-12 , 25+30*x+12 , 25+30*y+12 , fill = self.color,tags = 'chessman') if self.game_win(y,x,self.color_count) : print(self.color,'獲勝') self.game_print.set(self.color+'獲勝') else : self.change_color() self.game_print.set('請'+self.color+'落子') #保證棋子落在棋盤上 def limit_boarder(self , y , x) : if x<0 or x>14 or y<0 or y>14 : return False else : return True #計算連子的數目,并返回最大連子數目 def chessman_count(self , y , x , color_count ) : count1,count2,count3,count4 = 1,1,1,1 #橫計算 for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) : if self.db[y][x+i] == color_count : count1 += 1 else: break for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) : if self.db[y][x+i] == color_count : count1 += 1 else: break #豎計算 for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) : if self.db[y+i][x] == color_count : count2 += 1 else: break for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) : if self.db[y+i][x] == color_count : count2 += 1 else: break #/計算 for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) : if self.db[y+i][x+i] == color_count : count3 += 1 else: break for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) : if self.db[y+i][x+i] == color_count : count3 += 1 else: break #計算 for i in range(-1 , -5 , -1) : if self.db[y+i][x-i] == color_count : count4 += 1 else: break for i in range(1 , 5 ,1 ) : if self.db[y+i][x-i] == color_count : count4 += 1 else: break return max(count1 , count2 , count3 , count4) #判斷輸贏 def game_win(self , y , x , color_count ) : if self.chessman_count(y,x,color_count) >= 5 : self.flag_win = 1 self.flag_empty = 0 return True else : return False #悔棋,清空棋盤，再畫剩下的n-1個棋子 def withdraw(self ) : if len(self.order)==0 or self.flag_win == 1: return self.board.canvas.delete('chessman') z = self.order.pop() x = z%15 y = z//15 self.db[y][x] = 2 self.color_count = 1 for i in self.order : ix = i%15 iy = i//15 self.change_color() self.board.canvas.create_oval(25+30*ix-12 , 25+30*iy-12 , 25+30*ix+12 , 25+30*iy+12 , fill = self.color,tags = 'chessman') self.change_color() self.game_print.set('請'+self.color+'落子') #清空 def empty_all(self) : self.board.canvas.delete('chessman') #還原初始化 self.db = [([2] * 16) for i in range(16)] self.order = [] self.color_count = 0 self.color = ’black’ self.flag_win = 1 self.flag_empty = 1 self.game_print.set('') #將self.flag_win置0才能在棋盤上落子 def game_start(self) : #沒有清空棋子不能置0開始 if self.flag_empty == 0: return self.flag_win = 0 self.game_print.set('請'+self.color+'落子') def options(self) : self.board.canvas.bind('<Button-1>',self.chess_moving) Label(self.board.window , textvariable = self.game_print , font = ('Arial', 20) ).place(relx = 0, rely = 0 ,x = 495 , y = 200) Button(self.board.window , text= '開始游戲' ,command = self.game_start,width = 13, font = ('Verdana', 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=15) Button(self.board.window , text= '我要悔棋' ,command = self.withdraw,width = 13, font = ('Verdana', 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=60) Button(self.board.window , text= '清空棋局' ,command = self.empty_all,width = 13, font = ('Verdana', 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=105) Button(self.board.window , text= '結束游戲' ,command = self.board.window.destroy,width = 13, font = ('Verdana', 12)).place(relx=0, rely=0, x=495, y=420) self.board.window.mainloop() if __name__ == '__main__': game = Gobang()

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