Python run()函數和start()函數的比較和差別介紹
run() 方法并不啟動一個新線程,就是在主線程中調用了一個普通函數而已。
start() 方法是啟動一個子線程,線程名就是自己定義的name。
因此,如果你想啟動多線程,就必須使用start()方法。
請看實例:(源代碼)
1 使用run()方法啟動線程,它打印的線程名是MainThread,也就是主線程。
import threading,timedef worker():count = 1while True:if count >= 4:breaktime.sleep(1)count += 1print(“thread name = {}”.format(threading.current_thread().name))print(“Start Test run()”)t1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=“MyTryThread”)t1.run()print(“run() test end”)
運行結果:
Start Test run()thread name = MainThreadthread name = MainThreadthread name = MainThreadrun() test end
2 使用start()方法啟動的線程名是我們定義線程對象時設置的name='MyThread'的值,如果沒有設置name參數值,則會打印系統分配的Thread-1,Thread-2…這樣的名稱。
import threading,timedef worker():count = 1while True:if count >= 4:breaktime.sleep(2)count += 1print(“thread name = {}”.format(threading.current_thread().name)) # 當前線程名print(“Start Test start()”)t = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=“MyTryThread”)t.start()t.join()print(“start() test end”)
運行結果:
Start Test start()thread name = MyTryThreadthread name = MyTryThreadthread name = MyTryThreadstart() test end
3 兩個子線程都用run()方法啟動,但卻是先運行t1.run(),運行完之后才按順序運行t2.run(),兩個線程都工作在主線程,沒有啟動新線程,thread ID都是一樣的,因此,run()方法僅僅是普通函數調用。
import threading,timedef worker():count = 1while True:if count >= 4:breaktime.sleep(2)count += 1print(“thread name = {}, thread id = {}”.format(threading.current_thread().name,threading.current_thread().ident))print(“Start Test run()”)t1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=“t1”)t2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=‘t2’)t1.run()t2.run()print(“run() test end”)
運行結果:
Start Test run()thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920thread name = MainThread, thread id = 3920run() test end
4 使用start()方法啟動了兩個新的子線程并交替運行,每個子進程ID也不同。
import threading,timedef worker():count = 1while True:if count >= 4:breaktime.sleep(2)count += 1print(“thread name = {}, thread id = {}”.format(threading.current_thread().name,threading.current_thread().ident))print(“Start Test start()”)t1 = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=“MyTryThread1”)t2 = threading.Thread(target=worker, name=“MyTryThread2”)t1.start()t2.start()t1.join()t2.join()print(“start() test end”)
運行結果:
Start Test start()thread name = MyTryThread1, thread id = 4628thread name = MyTryThread2, thread id = 872thread name = MyTryThread1, thread id = 4628thread name = MyTryThread2, thread id = 872thread name = MyTryThread1, thread id = 4628thread name = MyTryThread2, thread id = 872start() test end
補充知識:python 文件操作常用輪子
path
注意: 對于任何需要處理文件名的問題,都應該使用os.path模塊而不是字符串操作。兩個原因,os.path能夠處理移植性問題,如windows,linux。 另一個原因,不要重復造輪子
獲取文件名
import osfilename = os.path.basename(filepath)print(filename)
獲取文件當前文件夾目錄
filename = os.path.dirname(filepath)
同時獲取文件夾和文件名
dirname, filename = os.path.split(filepath)
split 文件擴展名
path_without_ext, ext = os.path.splitext(filepath)# e.g ’hello/world/read.txt’ then# path_without_ext = hello/world/read, ext = .txt
遍歷文件夾下所有文件方法
import glob
pyfiles = glob.glob(’*.py’)
or
def getAllFiles(filePath, filelist=[]): for root, dirs, files in os.walk(filePath): for f in files: filelist.append(os.path.join(root, f)) print(f) return filelist
判斷是否為文件 file
os.path.isfile(’/etc/passwd’)
判斷是否為文件夾 folder
os.path.isdir(’/etc/passwd’)
是否是軟鏈接
os.path.islink(’/usr/local/bin/python3’)
軟鏈接真正指向的是
os.path.realpath(’/usr/local/bin/python3’)
size
獲取文件大小
import ossize = os.path.getsize(filepath)print(size)
獲取文件夾大小
import os def getFileSize(filePath, size=0): for root, dirs, files in os.walk(filePath): for f in files: size += os.path.getsize(os.path.join(root, f)) print(f) return size print(getFileSize('.'))
time
import timet1 = os.path.gettime(’/etc/passwd’)# t1 1272478234.0t2 = time.ctime(t1)# t2 ’Wed Apr 28 12:10:05 2010’
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