目錄

• 1、目標(biāo)效果
• 2、原理
• 3、源代碼

1、目標(biāo)效果

最近喝了不少的咖啡、奶茶，有一個(gè)效果我倒是挺好奇怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的：

（1）點(diǎn)擊左側(cè)分類菜單，右側(cè)滾動到該分類區(qū)域

（2）右側(cè)滑動屏幕，左側(cè)顯示當(dāng)前所處的分類區(qū)域

這種功能會出現(xiàn)在商城項(xiàng)目中或者分類數(shù)量較多的項(xiàng)目中，專業(yè)名稱稱電梯導(dǎo)航

目標(biāo)效果：

（1）點(diǎn)擊左側(cè)的分類，右側(cè)滑動到指定區(qū)域

（2）滾動右側(cè)區(qū)域，左邊分類顯示當(dāng)前所處的分類區(qū)域

2、原理

（1）這要用到原生js關(guān)于偏移量和位置相關(guān)的api，這些api建立在你的布局是定位的基礎(chǔ)上，父親相對定位，左邊分類和右邊商品都是絕對定位

（2）左邊分類要與右側(cè)商品模塊數(shù)量一一相等（數(shù)量和位置都要對應(yīng)相等），否則實(shí)現(xiàn)不了電梯導(dǎo)航效果

（3）點(diǎn)擊左側(cè)分類，右側(cè)跳轉(zhuǎn)到對應(yīng)模塊；這用到了window.scrollTo(水平方向距離，豎直方向距離)

（4）右側(cè)滑動，左側(cè)發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化，這要用到滾動事件，vue中使用滾動事件需要再onMounted()生命周期注冊一下滾動事件

onMounted(() => {    window.addEventListener("scroll", handleScroll);})

（5）如何判斷滾動到什么程度左側(cè)才顯示對應(yīng)的模塊？

• dom.offsetTop：每個(gè)dom元素有該屬性，表示距離頂部窗口的距離
• document.documentElement.scrollTop：表示頁面滾動的距離
• document.documentElement.scrollTop >=dom.offsetTop：顯示對應(yīng)的模塊，可以通過遍歷商品模塊數(shù)組，拿到對應(yīng)的索引，然后設(shè)置左邊分類對應(yīng)的dom為激活狀態(tài)

（6） 出現(xiàn)一個(gè)問題：window.scrollTo()將模塊滾動至某一位置 與頁面滾動事件 發(fā)生了沖突，此時(shí)可以添加一個(gè)互斥變量isLock，等window.scrollTo()滾動結(jié)束之后，再放開鎖

    // 獲取選中的dom元素    const typeItemDom = shop.value[val]    // 開鎖    isLock.value = true    // 第一個(gè)參數(shù)為水平方向，第二個(gè)參數(shù)為縱軸方向    window.scrollTo(0, typeItemDom.offsetTop)    setTimeout(() => {//關(guān)鎖isLock.value = false    }, 0)

（7）為什么放開鎖要在setTimeout里面？根據(jù)js事件循環(huán)機(jī)制，同步任務(wù)（主線程代碼、new Promise里面的代碼）執(zhí)行速度快于異步任務(wù)（setTimeout、setInterval、ajax、promise.then里面的任務(wù)），這樣才能確保鎖是在window.scrollTo() 執(zhí)行完畢之后才打開的

3、源代碼

App.vue

 <template>  <div>    <ClassifyByVue></ClassifyByVue>  </div></template><script setup>// import ClassifyByJs from "./components/ClassifyByJS.vue";import ClassifyByVue from "./components/ClassifyByVue.vue";</script><style>* {  padding: 0;  margin: 0;}</style>

ClassifyByVue.vue

<template>    <div><div>    <div :class="{ active: currentIndex == index }" v-for="(item, index) in types"@click="changeType(index)">{{ item }}    </div></div><div @scroll="handleScroll">    <div v-for="(item, index) in shops" :key="index" ref="shop"><div>{{ item.category }}</div><div v-for="(i, j) in item.data" :key="j">    <div><img src="/vite.svg" />    </div>    <div><div>{{ i.name }}</div><div>{{ i.type }}</div><div>{{ i.desc }}</div><div>購買</div>    </div></div>    </div></div>    </div></template><script setup>import { ref, onMounted, onBeforeUnmount, nextTick } from "vue"let isLock = ref(false)// 分類let types = ref([    "人氣Top",    "爆款套餐",    "大師咖啡",    "小黑杯",    "中國茶咖",    "生椰家族",    "厚乳拿鐵",    "絲絨拿鐵",    "生酪拿鐵",    "經(jīng)典拿鐵",])// 商品let shops = ref([    {category: "人氣Top",data: [    {name: "冰吸生椰拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "生椰拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "摸魚生椰拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "茉莉花香拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "絲絨拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },    {name: "小甘橘美式",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },]    },    {category: "爆款套餐",data: [    {name: "2杯套餐",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "3杯套餐",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "4杯套餐",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "5杯套餐",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "不喝咖啡套餐",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },    {name: "必喝套餐",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },]    },    {category: "大師咖啡",data: [    {name: "美式",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "加濃美式",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "橙C美式",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "澳瑞白",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "卡布奇諾",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },    {name: "瑪奇朵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },]    },    {category: "小黑杯",data: [    {name: "云南小柑橘",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "廣東小柑橘",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "廣西小柑橘",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "福建小柑橘",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "湖南小柑橘",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },    {name: "江西小柑橘",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },]    },    {category: "中國茶咖",data: [    {name: "碧螺知春拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "茉莉花香拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "菊花香拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "梅花香拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "蘭花香拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },    {name: "玫瑰花香拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },]    },    {category: "生椰家族",data: [    {name: "冰吸生椰拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "生椰拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "摸魚生椰拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "椰云拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "絲絨拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },    {name: "隕石拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },]    },    {category: "厚乳拿鐵",data: [    {name: "厚乳拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "生椰拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "茉莉花香拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "椰云拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "絲絨拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },    {name: "海鹽拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    },]    },    {category: "絲絨拿鐵",data: [    {name: "絲絨拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "生椰絲絨拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "黑糖絲絨拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "椰云絲絨拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "香草絲絨拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }]    },    {category: "生酪拿鐵",data: [    {name: "生酪拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "綠豆拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "紅豆拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "黑豆拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "黃豆拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }]    },    {category: "經(jīng)典拿鐵",data: [    {name: "拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "隕石拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "焦糖拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "生椰拿鐵",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }, {name: "美式",type: "咖啡",desc: "咖啡"    }]    },])// 獲取右側(cè)商品的ref實(shí)例let shop = ref(null)// 用來表示當(dāng)前選中處于激活狀態(tài)的分類的索引let currentIndex = ref(0)// 切換類型const changeType = val => {    currentIndex.value = val    // 獲取選中的dom元素    const typeItemDom = shop.value[val]    // 開鎖    isLock.value = true    // 第一個(gè)參數(shù)為水平方向，第二個(gè)參數(shù)為縱軸方向    window.scrollTo(0, typeItemDom.offsetTop)    setTimeout(() => {//關(guān)鎖isLock.value = false    }, 0)}// 監(jiān)聽頁面滾動const handleScroll = () => {    // 鎖關(guān)了滾動事件才有效    if (!isLock.value) {types.value.forEach((item, index) => {    // console.dir(shop.value[index]);    const shopItemDom = shop.value[index]    // 每個(gè)模塊距離頂部的距離    const offsetTop = shopItemDom.offsetTop    // 頁面滾動的距離    const scrollTop = document.documentElement.scrollTop    if (scrollTop >= offsetTop) {// 給左邊分類設(shè)置激活的效果currentIndex.value = index    }})    }}onMounted(() => {    window.addEventListener("scroll", handleScroll);})onBeforeUnmount(() => {    window.removeEventListener("scroll", handleScroll);})</script><style scoped lang="less">.classify {    display: flex;    position: relative;    .left {display: flex;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;position: fixed;left: 0;top: 0;bottom: 0;width: 92px;overflow-y: scroll;border-right: 1px solid #C1C2C4;.item {    display: flex;    justify-content: center;    align-items: center;    width: 67px;    height: 29px;    font-size: 15px;    font-family: PingFang SC-Semibold, PingFang SC;    font-weight: 600;    color: #333333;}.active {    color: #00B1FF;}.item:not(:last-child) {    margin-bottom: 25px;}    }    .right {flex: 1;position: absolute;top: 0;right: 17px;overflow-y: scroll;.title {    font-size: 18px;    margin-bottom: 5px;}.item {    display: flex;    justify-content: space-between;    margin-bottom: 17px;    width: 246px;    height: 73px;    .photo {width: 58px;height: 58px;img {    width: 100%;    height: 100%;    border-radius: 12px;    border: 1px solid gray;}    }    .info {display: flex;flex-direction: column;position: relative;width: 171px;height: 73px;box-shadow: 0px 1px 0px 0px rgba(221, 221, 221, 1);.name {    padding-left: 0;    font-size: 17px;    font-weight: 600;    color: #333333;}.type,.desc {    font-size: 14px;    font-weight: 400;    color: #999999;}.buy {    display: flex;    align-items: center;    justify-content: center;    position: absolute;    right: 0;    top: 17px;    width: 67px;    height: 29px;    background: #E7E8EA;    border-radius: 21px;    font-size: 15px;    font-family: PingFang SC-Semibold, PingFang SC;    font-weight: 600;    color: #05AFFA;}    }}    }}</style>

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